N95 vs FFP3 & FFP2 masks – what’s the difference?

Masks vs Respirators

Before we go any further, lets just clarify on a technical difference between a “mask” and a “respirator”. In day to day language we often say mask, when referring to what are technically called respirators. 

Uses for Masks:

• Masks are loose fitting, covering the nose and mouth

• Designed for one way protection, to capture bodily fluid leaving the wearer

• Example – worn during surgery to prevent coughing, sneezing, etc on the vulnerable patient

• Contrary to belief, masks are NOT designed to protect the wearer

• The vast majority of masks do not have a safety rating assigned to them (e.g. NIOSH or EN)

Uses for Respirators:

• Respirators are tight fitting masks, designed to create a facial seal

• Designed for two way protection, by filtering the air breathed in

• These are designed protect the wearer (when worn properly), up to the safety rating of the mask

• Available as disposable, half face or full face

Respirator Standards

Whilst surgical style masks are not redundant by any means (discussed more below), they aren’t designed to protect the wearer, whilst respirators are.

The US Center for Disease Control (CDC) cites the N95 respirator standard as part of the advised protective equipment in their Covid-19 FAQ and their SARS guidance (SARS being a similar type of Corona virus). Which suggests that an N95 or better respirator is acceptable.